Microsoft’s public key infrastructure requires certification authorities, certificate directories, and a key recovery server, The PKI requires both software and hardware elements so the third party is able to establish the integrity and ownership of this public key. Certification authorities provide services to authenticate the identity of the entities in the network and include both root certification authorities and subordinate authorities. They are the trusted party that issues, signed and encrypted, binary certificates, and binds the certificate subject and the identity of the public key in the certificate. CAs signs the certificate using their own private key. Certificate directories save the certificate requests, issued certificates, and revoked certificates. Key recovery servers are used to save encrypted private keys in the certificate database so they can be recovered in case of a loss.
Hi Mei,
I completely agree with you! The public key infrastructure (PKI) provides an encryption and data communication standard framework for protecting communication security on public networks. The core of PKI is to establish trust between the client, the server and the certificate authority (CA). X.509 certificates are used in many Internet protocols, including TLS/SSL, which is the foundation of HTTPS (for browsing web security protocols).
Public critical infrastructure is a collection of hardware, software, personnel, policies, and procedures, used to realize the generation, management, storage, distribution, and revocation of keys and certificates based on public-key cryptosystems. The PKI system is a combination of computer software and hardware, authoritative institutions, and application systems. It provides essential security services for the implementation of e-commerce, e-government, office automation, etc. Users who do not know each other or who are far away can communicate securely through the chain of trust.
Established and defined an organization’s information security guidelines and defined the cryptographic system’s processing methods and principles. It includes how an organization handles keys and valuable information and determines security control level based on risk level. PKI has a wide range of applications, including communication between web servers and browsers, e-mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), credit card transactions on the Internet, and virtual private networks (VPN).
Public-key cryptography uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt content. A public key infrastructure (PKI) consists of software and hardware elements that a trusted third party can use to establish the integrity and ownership of a public key. The trusted party signing the document associating the key with the device is called a certificate authority (CA). The digital certificate like the passport to the citizen, it can establishes the identity of users within the ecosystem. A public key infrastructure relies on digital signature technology, the certificate signing process enables user can verify that the public key was not tampered with or corrupted during transit. A typical PKI consists of the following elements: Certification Authority, Registration Authority, Certificate Database, Certificate Store, Key Archival Server.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) consists of some key hardware and software components such as a trusted third-party certificate authority (CA), certificate database, and registration authority. These components provide integrity and ownership of certificates to ensure secure communication between parties over the internet. Individuals, systems, and other entities rely on CA’s to verify the identities of these subjects, assign certificates, and store the certificate in a database. The subject can submit a certificate signing request to the registration authority to start the certificate process. Once the identity is verified, the CA will generate a mathematically linked public and private key. Next, the CA will compute a hash and sign it with the newly generated private key. Within the certificate, the public key is made readily available for users to use and decrypt the hash to verify the identity and validity of the certificate. Additionally, the issuer of the certificate, a expiry date, the hashing algorithm used, and other information can be identified in the certificate. PKI is a crucial technology for the digital world as it verifies the identity of the sender and receiver of an electronic message and enable confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation between parties.
Hi Anthony,
The CA manages the lifecycle and validation of the certificates they issue. This makes communication using PKI certificates not only secure but also the integrity is guaranteed.
This article provides information on the public key infrastructure and provides an example of how asymmetric key encryption and certification authority (CA) can be combined to obtain guarantees of confidentiality and authenticity. One of the key points I learned from reading is that hash functions play an important role in verifying the identity of public keys. Using CA’s public key certificate, the sender can verify the identity of the receiver by comparing the hash value by using the private key to hash signature. Therefore, hash function has the ability of irreversibility.
If implemented correctly, PKI can provide unparalleled security and protection. One of the main advantages of PKI that allows this level of security is the concept known as non repudiation. However, the main drawback of PKI is network overhead. Compared with other security solutions, PKI involves considerable network overhead.
A public key infrastructure (PKI) consists of software and hardware elements that a certification authority can use to establish the integrity and ownership of a public key. PKI consists of the following elements: certification authority, registration authority, certificate database, certificate store, and key archival server. It basically involves the participation of trusted third parties who verify the identities of the parties wishing to engage in a secure communication through the issuing of digital certificates. For example, customs officer at an airport cannot just verify the identity of a person by asking the passenger’s name. There has to be some form of identification for him to verify the authenticity of the person. The custom’s officer relies on a third party in the form of government passport issuing office. In this case, the passport office confirms a person’s identity before issuing a passport.
Hi Priyanka,
Your analogy is very relatable, and there being Certificate and Registration Authorities to verify and confirm the identities of individuals owning a public key, it solves the repudiation problem when it comes to encrypted communication.
Hi Priyanka, your analysis of the public key infrastructure helps me better understand how each element is essential to the relationship of the CA and the public key. Your analogy also made it easier to understand from a non-technical point of view. All systems need verification to better protect the confidential information or process, such as privileges of a passport.
This article provides detailed information about the public key infrastructure (PKI), including the components involved. PKI is a framework for establishing encryption standards through an asymmetric encryption algorithm, which is used to protect the security of data communication in the public network. The PKI framework includes certificate authority (CA), registry, certificate database, certificate store, and key archiving server. All of these together ensure integrity and authenticity. In particular, the CA certificate is used to verify any public certificate and establish a security key. The X. 509 certificate identifies whether the authentication public key belongs to the user or the computer identification requirement contained in the certificate.
Public Key Infrastructure is a technology for authenticating users and devices in the digital world. The basic idea is to have one or more trusted parties digitally sign documents certifying that a particular cryptographic key belongs to a particular user or device. In cryptography, X.509 is a standard defining the format of public key certificates. X.509 certificates are used in many Internet protocols, including TLS/SSL, which is the basis for HTTPS, the secure protocol for browsing the web. They are also used in offline applications, like electronic signatures.
X.509 certificates are used for two primary reasons. One of them is to verify the identity of a website, individual or an organization. It is also used to protect data against man-in-the-middle attacks through the use of asymmetric encryption. X.509 certificates include version, serial number, signature algorithm identifier, issuer name, validity period, subject name, subject public key information, and signature.
Public Key Infrastructure is often how two end computers encrypt and decrypt the traffic. During the first communication the Client and Server negotiate a cipher to use during their communication. It’s during this time they exchange keys. The private keys must be kept private or they run the risk of having their communication decrypted.
In most cases the keys are signed by a “Certificate Authority.” These entities sign and validate that the certificates are authentic. Some software created today can have “self-signed” certificates. These certificates can be risky to use because there is no guarantee they were modified. This is what led to the SolarWinds issue. The attackers used SolarWinds self-signed certificate to send network traffic and made it look legitimate. Because of this, it’s often recommended to replace the self-signed certificates with one from a CA. The CA certificates are much more secure and reliable.
The certificate signing process allows a user to verify that the public key was not altered or modified during the transfer process. Prior to issuing a certificate, the certification authority hashes contents, followed by encrypting the hash using its own private key. It also includes the encrypted hash in the issued certificate. The original user then verifies the cert contents by using decryption of the hash with the certificate authority’s public key which in turn performs a separate hash of the contents and compares the two hashes. If it does deem it a match, the user can be 99% sure that the information, certificate, and public key it contains have not been modified. This process is integral in ensuring that information can be safely transferred between the correct parties. A real world example that would be relevant is when you first speak with someone online but you are not sure if they are who they say they are. To validate this, you could ask them for a picture that would only be able to be obtained if taken, such as “holding a red pen in your left hand”. Most likely someone would not have a picture already of something out of the ordinary like that and could help you validate that you are speaking to the person you believed you were.
Hi Austin….I like your example of the immediate picture of the red pen to verify someone’s identity and your comparison of that to the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Basically the job of the certificate authority is to verify the identity of entities (individuals, systems or corporations) for the purpose of establishing a communication channel between two entities. Once the hash is exchanged between the two entities, they have a communication channel that protects the confidentiality of messages and also protects non-repudiation.
A certification authority (CA) can make the public and private keys more secure. However, using a single CA cannot manage all the certificates, and the CA can work well in using the PKI with other CAs. According to Public Key Infrastructure, the CA provides that authenticate the identity of individuals, computers, and other entities in a network. It combines with the identity of the certificate subject and the public key in the certificate, and it uses its private key to sign the certificate. The CA does not like just using the public key and private key to protect the communication, and it is double security for the sender and receiver. It establishes more steps to the sender authenticate that the public key belongs to the receiver, and then the receiver needs to pass the steps to decry the message.
Public Key Infrastructure is a method in which information is encrypted and decrypted in the transfer of data. In this infrastructure, there is a public key and a private key that are related. To make sure that the keys are legitimate, a trusted third party called the Certification Authority is involved. The CA signs their private key to a certificate and then distributes a public key to anyone who is interested using their new certificate. This certificate is good to help the parties involved identify that the public key is the correct one and has not been modified in the process. In X.509 PKIs, there are three elements: Certification Authorities, Certificate Directories, which saves certificate requests as well as revoked certificates, and Key Recovery Server, in the event of loss of data to recover.
This article mainly introduce the principle of the public key infrastructure (PKI). PKI uses a key pair which include one public and one private key to encrypt and decrypt content. the parties who transfer message need to share one public key and keep their own private key secret. Thus, one party can uses the public key to encrypt the message, and the other party also can uses the public key to decrypt the message that he/she received. However, the public key may have a possibility changed by the third party who monitor the communication channel between the former two parties. The certification authority (CA) use the certificate signing process to make sure the integrity of public key that not tampered with or corrupted during transit.
Key takeaways for these articles are the methodology of how a Publuc key and Private key work in conjunction with certification authority (trusted parties) by validating the hashes of the public key with the private key and assigning new certificate publícly.
In order to enroll a certificate you have to submit an API to the cert and registration authorities and install the certificate on a local computer. You need to include the following elements – Certification authorities, certificate directories, and key recovery server.
Hi, Vanessa, I totally agree with you points. the key point of this article is telling us how certification authority worked to make sure the integrity of public key. The CA mainly use the certificate signing process to verify the hashes of the public key not tampered with or corrupted during transit.
Public key infrastructure is a form of asymmetric encryption which uses 2 different keys to decrypt and encrypt messages. This consists of a public key and a private key. Generally how this works is, a user Bob, distributes his public key to anyone. Another user Jim would like to send Bob a secure message. Jim would use Bob’s public to encrypt the message and send it to Bob. The message can only be decrypted using Bob’s private key. That way, if the message fell into the hands of the attacker, if could not be deciphered because the attacker does not have Bob’s private key. One caveat to PKI is that integrity of the public key. This is alleviated with the use of a certificate authority (CA). A CA issues signed binary certificates that validate the identity of the public key and binds that certificate to the key. Now, Bob and Jim agree to use CA to verify their identities. Now the integrity of the public key is validated and the two parties can create a secure exchange of encrypted messages using public key infrastructure.
Hi, Anthony. I agree that CA can work well with the PKI. Since the CA can provide the authentication of the identity of individuals, computers, and other entities in the network, it can use its private key to sign the certificate. The CA also is double security for the senders and receivers.
A public key infrastructure is a collection of hardware, software, personnel, policies, and procedures used to generate, manage, store, distribute, and revoke keys and certificates based on a public key cryptosystem. PKI system is a combination of computer hardware and software, authority and application system. It provides basic security services for the implementation of e-commerce, e-government, office automation, etc., so that users who do not know each other or who are far away can communicate securely through the chain of trust. PKI is widely used, which provides complete security service function for data exchange in network such as online finance, online banking, online securities, e-commerce, and e-government. As a security infrastructure, PKI can provide six kinds of security services: identity authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality, data fairness, non-repudiation and time stamp. PKI system is a combination of computer hardware and software, authority and application system. But the basic element should be a digital certificate. A typical PKI system includes PKI policy, hardware and software system, CA, RA, certificate issuing system and PKI application, etc.
The reading outlines the public key infrastructure for asymmetric keys and certificate authorities that validate the public key holder is actually the entity they claim to be. Depending on the type of certificate, the level of validation the certificate authority goes through to ensure the entity is the owner of the website the certificate is being issued for. What I found interesting about the reading is that the x.509 certificate. While I have installed many of these certificates, I was unaware that the information contained in the certificate was standardized.
Public key cryptography basically uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt content. The pair of keys consists of one public key and one private key that are mathematically related to each other. It consists of an individual that intends to communicate securely with others. This individual can distribute the public key but must keep the private key secret. Content encrypted by using one of the keys can be decrypted by using the other encryption key. At times there is also a trusted party involved called certification authority that typically accompanies this by issuing signed encrypted binary certificates. These certificates basically affirms the identity of the entities and the certificate subject and bind that identity to the public key contained in the certificate.
The introduction of the PKI provided the much-needed integrity and non-repudiation elements to encryption. With a trusted third party (CA) signing off and binding an identity to a public key, one can verify with certainty who the public key belongs to. The level of security for each task determines the level of verification needed. The CA guarantees users of public keys that they have not been tampered with, since the process does not enable anyone to directly manipulate the certificate database or store.
Public-key cryptography uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt content. If a person would like to communicate with other person securely, it can use other people’s public key to secure the message, and the other person could use his/her private key to decrypt the message to be able to read it. In this way, only these two person can secure the message between them , and no one eles could read the message, because they do not have their public private key information to decrypt the message. A public key infrastructure (PKI) consists of software and hardware elements that a trusted third party can use to establish the integrity and ownership of a public key. The trusted party, called a certification authority (CA), typically accomplishes this by issuing signed (encrypted) binary certificates that affirm the identity of the certificate subject and bind that identity to the public key contained in the certificate. The CA signs the certificate by using its private key. It issues the corresponding public key to all interested parties in a self-signed CA certificate.
Mei X Wang says
Microsoft’s public key infrastructure requires certification authorities, certificate directories, and a key recovery server, The PKI requires both software and hardware elements so the third party is able to establish the integrity and ownership of this public key. Certification authorities provide services to authenticate the identity of the entities in the network and include both root certification authorities and subordinate authorities. They are the trusted party that issues, signed and encrypted, binary certificates, and binds the certificate subject and the identity of the public key in the certificate. CAs signs the certificate using their own private key. Certificate directories save the certificate requests, issued certificates, and revoked certificates. Key recovery servers are used to save encrypted private keys in the certificate database so they can be recovered in case of a loss.
Haozhe Lin says
Hi Mei,
I completely agree with you! The public key infrastructure (PKI) provides an encryption and data communication standard framework for protecting communication security on public networks. The core of PKI is to establish trust between the client, the server and the certificate authority (CA). X.509 certificates are used in many Internet protocols, including TLS/SSL, which is the foundation of HTTPS (for browsing web security protocols).
Zibai Yang says
Public critical infrastructure is a collection of hardware, software, personnel, policies, and procedures, used to realize the generation, management, storage, distribution, and revocation of keys and certificates based on public-key cryptosystems. The PKI system is a combination of computer software and hardware, authoritative institutions, and application systems. It provides essential security services for the implementation of e-commerce, e-government, office automation, etc. Users who do not know each other or who are far away can communicate securely through the chain of trust.
Established and defined an organization’s information security guidelines and defined the cryptographic system’s processing methods and principles. It includes how an organization handles keys and valuable information and determines security control level based on risk level. PKI has a wide range of applications, including communication between web servers and browsers, e-mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), credit card transactions on the Internet, and virtual private networks (VPN).
Xinyi Zheng says
Public-key cryptography uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt content. A public key infrastructure (PKI) consists of software and hardware elements that a trusted third party can use to establish the integrity and ownership of a public key. The trusted party signing the document associating the key with the device is called a certificate authority (CA). The digital certificate like the passport to the citizen, it can establishes the identity of users within the ecosystem. A public key infrastructure relies on digital signature technology, the certificate signing process enables user can verify that the public key was not tampered with or corrupted during transit. A typical PKI consists of the following elements: Certification Authority, Registration Authority, Certificate Database, Certificate Store, Key Archival Server.
Anthony Wong says
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) consists of some key hardware and software components such as a trusted third-party certificate authority (CA), certificate database, and registration authority. These components provide integrity and ownership of certificates to ensure secure communication between parties over the internet. Individuals, systems, and other entities rely on CA’s to verify the identities of these subjects, assign certificates, and store the certificate in a database. The subject can submit a certificate signing request to the registration authority to start the certificate process. Once the identity is verified, the CA will generate a mathematically linked public and private key. Next, the CA will compute a hash and sign it with the newly generated private key. Within the certificate, the public key is made readily available for users to use and decrypt the hash to verify the identity and validity of the certificate. Additionally, the issuer of the certificate, a expiry date, the hashing algorithm used, and other information can be identified in the certificate. PKI is a crucial technology for the digital world as it verifies the identity of the sender and receiver of an electronic message and enable confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation between parties.
Humbert Amiani says
Hi Anthony,
The CA manages the lifecycle and validation of the certificates they issue. This makes communication using PKI certificates not only secure but also the integrity is guaranteed.
Wenyao Ma says
This article provides information on the public key infrastructure and provides an example of how asymmetric key encryption and certification authority (CA) can be combined to obtain guarantees of confidentiality and authenticity. One of the key points I learned from reading is that hash functions play an important role in verifying the identity of public keys. Using CA’s public key certificate, the sender can verify the identity of the receiver by comparing the hash value by using the private key to hash signature. Therefore, hash function has the ability of irreversibility.
If implemented correctly, PKI can provide unparalleled security and protection. One of the main advantages of PKI that allows this level of security is the concept known as non repudiation. However, the main drawback of PKI is network overhead. Compared with other security solutions, PKI involves considerable network overhead.
Priyanka Ranu says
A public key infrastructure (PKI) consists of software and hardware elements that a certification authority can use to establish the integrity and ownership of a public key. PKI consists of the following elements: certification authority, registration authority, certificate database, certificate store, and key archival server. It basically involves the participation of trusted third parties who verify the identities of the parties wishing to engage in a secure communication through the issuing of digital certificates. For example, customs officer at an airport cannot just verify the identity of a person by asking the passenger’s name. There has to be some form of identification for him to verify the authenticity of the person. The custom’s officer relies on a third party in the form of government passport issuing office. In this case, the passport office confirms a person’s identity before issuing a passport.
Humbert Amiani says
Hi Priyanka,
Your analogy is very relatable, and there being Certificate and Registration Authorities to verify and confirm the identities of individuals owning a public key, it solves the repudiation problem when it comes to encrypted communication.
Mei X Wang says
Hi Priyanka, your analysis of the public key infrastructure helps me better understand how each element is essential to the relationship of the CA and the public key. Your analogy also made it easier to understand from a non-technical point of view. All systems need verification to better protect the confidential information or process, such as privileges of a passport.
Haozhe Lin says
This article provides detailed information about the public key infrastructure (PKI), including the components involved. PKI is a framework for establishing encryption standards through an asymmetric encryption algorithm, which is used to protect the security of data communication in the public network. The PKI framework includes certificate authority (CA), registry, certificate database, certificate store, and key archiving server. All of these together ensure integrity and authenticity. In particular, the CA certificate is used to verify any public certificate and establish a security key. The X. 509 certificate identifies whether the authentication public key belongs to the user or the computer identification requirement contained in the certificate.
Kyuande Johnson says
Public Key Infrastructure is a technology for authenticating users and devices in the digital world. The basic idea is to have one or more trusted parties digitally sign documents certifying that a particular cryptographic key belongs to a particular user or device. In cryptography, X.509 is a standard defining the format of public key certificates. X.509 certificates are used in many Internet protocols, including TLS/SSL, which is the basis for HTTPS, the secure protocol for browsing the web. They are also used in offline applications, like electronic signatures.
Priyanka Ranu says
X.509 certificates are used for two primary reasons. One of them is to verify the identity of a website, individual or an organization. It is also used to protect data against man-in-the-middle attacks through the use of asymmetric encryption. X.509 certificates include version, serial number, signature algorithm identifier, issuer name, validity period, subject name, subject public key information, and signature.
Jonathan Castelli says
Public Key Infrastructure is often how two end computers encrypt and decrypt the traffic. During the first communication the Client and Server negotiate a cipher to use during their communication. It’s during this time they exchange keys. The private keys must be kept private or they run the risk of having their communication decrypted.
In most cases the keys are signed by a “Certificate Authority.” These entities sign and validate that the certificates are authentic. Some software created today can have “self-signed” certificates. These certificates can be risky to use because there is no guarantee they were modified. This is what led to the SolarWinds issue. The attackers used SolarWinds self-signed certificate to send network traffic and made it look legitimate. Because of this, it’s often recommended to replace the self-signed certificates with one from a CA. The CA certificates are much more secure and reliable.
Austin Mecca says
The certificate signing process allows a user to verify that the public key was not altered or modified during the transfer process. Prior to issuing a certificate, the certification authority hashes contents, followed by encrypting the hash using its own private key. It also includes the encrypted hash in the issued certificate. The original user then verifies the cert contents by using decryption of the hash with the certificate authority’s public key which in turn performs a separate hash of the contents and compares the two hashes. If it does deem it a match, the user can be 99% sure that the information, certificate, and public key it contains have not been modified. This process is integral in ensuring that information can be safely transferred between the correct parties. A real world example that would be relevant is when you first speak with someone online but you are not sure if they are who they say they are. To validate this, you could ask them for a picture that would only be able to be obtained if taken, such as “holding a red pen in your left hand”. Most likely someone would not have a picture already of something out of the ordinary like that and could help you validate that you are speaking to the person you believed you were.
Heather Ergler says
Hi Austin….I like your example of the immediate picture of the red pen to verify someone’s identity and your comparison of that to the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Basically the job of the certificate authority is to verify the identity of entities (individuals, systems or corporations) for the purpose of establishing a communication channel between two entities. Once the hash is exchanged between the two entities, they have a communication channel that protects the confidentiality of messages and also protects non-repudiation.
Cami Chen says
A certification authority (CA) can make the public and private keys more secure. However, using a single CA cannot manage all the certificates, and the CA can work well in using the PKI with other CAs. According to Public Key Infrastructure, the CA provides that authenticate the identity of individuals, computers, and other entities in a network. It combines with the identity of the certificate subject and the public key in the certificate, and it uses its private key to sign the certificate. The CA does not like just using the public key and private key to protect the communication, and it is double security for the sender and receiver. It establishes more steps to the sender authenticate that the public key belongs to the receiver, and then the receiver needs to pass the steps to decry the message.
Krish Damany says
Public Key Infrastructure is a method in which information is encrypted and decrypted in the transfer of data. In this infrastructure, there is a public key and a private key that are related. To make sure that the keys are legitimate, a trusted third party called the Certification Authority is involved. The CA signs their private key to a certificate and then distributes a public key to anyone who is interested using their new certificate. This certificate is good to help the parties involved identify that the public key is the correct one and has not been modified in the process. In X.509 PKIs, there are three elements: Certification Authorities, Certificate Directories, which saves certificate requests as well as revoked certificates, and Key Recovery Server, in the event of loss of data to recover.
Zhen Li says
This article mainly introduce the principle of the public key infrastructure (PKI). PKI uses a key pair which include one public and one private key to encrypt and decrypt content. the parties who transfer message need to share one public key and keep their own private key secret. Thus, one party can uses the public key to encrypt the message, and the other party also can uses the public key to decrypt the message that he/she received. However, the public key may have a possibility changed by the third party who monitor the communication channel between the former two parties. The certification authority (CA) use the certificate signing process to make sure the integrity of public key that not tampered with or corrupted during transit.
Vanessa Marin says
Key takeaways for these articles are the methodology of how a Publuc key and Private key work in conjunction with certification authority (trusted parties) by validating the hashes of the public key with the private key and assigning new certificate publícly.
In order to enroll a certificate you have to submit an API to the cert and registration authorities and install the certificate on a local computer. You need to include the following elements – Certification authorities, certificate directories, and key recovery server.
Zhen Li says
Hi, Vanessa, I totally agree with you points. the key point of this article is telling us how certification authority worked to make sure the integrity of public key. The CA mainly use the certificate signing process to verify the hashes of the public key not tampered with or corrupted during transit.
Anthony Messina says
Public key infrastructure is a form of asymmetric encryption which uses 2 different keys to decrypt and encrypt messages. This consists of a public key and a private key. Generally how this works is, a user Bob, distributes his public key to anyone. Another user Jim would like to send Bob a secure message. Jim would use Bob’s public to encrypt the message and send it to Bob. The message can only be decrypted using Bob’s private key. That way, if the message fell into the hands of the attacker, if could not be deciphered because the attacker does not have Bob’s private key. One caveat to PKI is that integrity of the public key. This is alleviated with the use of a certificate authority (CA). A CA issues signed binary certificates that validate the identity of the public key and binds that certificate to the key. Now, Bob and Jim agree to use CA to verify their identities. Now the integrity of the public key is validated and the two parties can create a secure exchange of encrypted messages using public key infrastructure.
Cami Chen says
Hi, Anthony. I agree that CA can work well with the PKI. Since the CA can provide the authentication of the identity of individuals, computers, and other entities in the network, it can use its private key to sign the certificate. The CA also is double security for the senders and receivers.
Junhan Hao says
A public key infrastructure is a collection of hardware, software, personnel, policies, and procedures used to generate, manage, store, distribute, and revoke keys and certificates based on a public key cryptosystem. PKI system is a combination of computer hardware and software, authority and application system. It provides basic security services for the implementation of e-commerce, e-government, office automation, etc., so that users who do not know each other or who are far away can communicate securely through the chain of trust. PKI is widely used, which provides complete security service function for data exchange in network such as online finance, online banking, online securities, e-commerce, and e-government. As a security infrastructure, PKI can provide six kinds of security services: identity authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality, data fairness, non-repudiation and time stamp. PKI system is a combination of computer hardware and software, authority and application system. But the basic element should be a digital certificate. A typical PKI system includes PKI policy, hardware and software system, CA, RA, certificate issuing system and PKI application, etc.
Heather Ergler says
The reading outlines the public key infrastructure for asymmetric keys and certificate authorities that validate the public key holder is actually the entity they claim to be. Depending on the type of certificate, the level of validation the certificate authority goes through to ensure the entity is the owner of the website the certificate is being issued for. What I found interesting about the reading is that the x.509 certificate. While I have installed many of these certificates, I was unaware that the information contained in the certificate was standardized.
Prince Patel says
Public key cryptography basically uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt content. The pair of keys consists of one public key and one private key that are mathematically related to each other. It consists of an individual that intends to communicate securely with others. This individual can distribute the public key but must keep the private key secret. Content encrypted by using one of the keys can be decrypted by using the other encryption key. At times there is also a trusted party involved called certification authority that typically accompanies this by issuing signed encrypted binary certificates. These certificates basically affirms the identity of the entities and the certificate subject and bind that identity to the public key contained in the certificate.
Humbert Amiani says
The introduction of the PKI provided the much-needed integrity and non-repudiation elements to encryption. With a trusted third party (CA) signing off and binding an identity to a public key, one can verify with certainty who the public key belongs to. The level of security for each task determines the level of verification needed. The CA guarantees users of public keys that they have not been tampered with, since the process does not enable anyone to directly manipulate the certificate database or store.
Ting-Yen Huang says
Public-key cryptography uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt content. If a person would like to communicate with other person securely, it can use other people’s public key to secure the message, and the other person could use his/her private key to decrypt the message to be able to read it. In this way, only these two person can secure the message between them , and no one eles could read the message, because they do not have their public private key information to decrypt the message. A public key infrastructure (PKI) consists of software and hardware elements that a trusted third party can use to establish the integrity and ownership of a public key. The trusted party, called a certification authority (CA), typically accomplishes this by issuing signed (encrypted) binary certificates that affirm the identity of the certificate subject and bind that identity to the public key contained in the certificate. The CA signs the certificate by using its private key. It issues the corresponding public key to all interested parties in a self-signed CA certificate.