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  • About
  • Syllabus
  • Schedule
    • First Half of the Semester
      • Week 1: Introduction
      • Week 2: Business Process; Assertions
      • Week 3: Fraud, P2P Controls
      • Week 4: OTC Process, Types of Controls
      • Week 5: Inventory & Shipping Controls
      • Week 6: Invoicing & Collection Controls
      • Week 7: IT vs. SAP Controls, Security 1
    • Second Half of the Semester
      • Week 8: Security: Roles, Finance Process & Controls
      • Week 9: Security: User Management, Segregation of Duties
      • Week 10: Data, SOD/SAT Review
      • Week 11: Change Management, Development
      • Week 12: Auditing, Table Security, Risk / Control Framework
      • Week 13: SAP Futures, Special System Access
      • Week 14: Character vs. Controls
  • Assignments
    • SAP GUI Installation
    • Exercise 1: Procure to Pay
    • Exercise 2: Order to Cash
    • Exercise 3: Journal Entries
    • Exercise 4: Segregation of Duties (SOD)
    • Final Exercise: Risk-Controls Framework
    • Extra Credit Assignment
  • Roster / Schedule / Teams
  • Gradebook

Auditing Controls in ERP Systems - 2018

Auditing Controls in ERP Systems - 2018

Week 11: Change Mgmt Breakout Questions

Week 11: Change Mgmt Breakout Questions

November 8, 2020 by Edward N Beaver Leave a Comment

Below is the consolidation of the breakout session responses from yesterday’s class.  Some excellent comments and useful ideas.

Change Management practices may seem bureaucratic and time summing.  How do you manage the trade-off of added work vs. needed controls?

  • Compliance requirements for highly regulated industries (i.e. Health, Finance and Insurance)
  • By following change management practices it will help ensure the Quality of the product or service is better or at the same standard as it was previously.
  • Software automated testing prior to integration
  • A well-designed schedule – e.g. everyone knows what’s going to happen for preparation
  • Electronic approval process – e.g. IT help desk; approval by email
  • Update the documentation in order to assign approval align with the new work (changes are review)
  • Define option and response document  and clear and concise roles in align with new work
  • The date of when the change management practices are going to occur. what is affected
  • An emergency change process is in place
  • Changes are submitted for approval
  • Categorize everything
  • Quantify controls
  • Identify the risks that not checked.
  • Clients justify very easily
  • Prioritize controls
  • Put automated systems in place to that automated controls can be helpful
  • Training for employees
  • Perform change out of business hours if required so that it does not pile up and miss SLA
  • Prioritize changes based on risks mitigated, criticality of issue & solutions.
  • Perform Changes outside of Business Hours so that work is not affected and neither are large # of users impacted.
  • Streamline the change management process so that there is minimal disruption to services and hence fewer service requests to attend to as well, also changes should be reviewed thoroughly to ensure the change is successful.

What are the ramifications of managing change management in the scenario where the changes (e.g. development, etc.) are outsourced?

  • Cultural differences in the Company and the vendor organization
  • Security issues w.r.t Change performers having high privileged access to the system and messing it up.
  • Whether there is sufficient expertise in the outsourcing vendor implementing the changes
  • Cultural difference will affect process
  • Time zones can be different and hence SLA breach is possible
  • Security and privacy issues during change management
  • Schedule change control-the project schedule has been affected somehow and events in the project are being delayed.
  • Cost change control-the scope contents have not change, but the price for the items in the scope have increased or decreased.
  • Giving up control of the change management process
  • Adjusting to the new team and learning what each individual are skilled in.
  • Communication back and forth could be a challenge if there is a difference in time zone.
  • Granting access to the members who are outsourced to the programs used within the company, could take some time and are there security in place to mitigate risk.
  • Production of quality, control
  • Customer satisfaction of the service
  • Compliance standard align with our business objective
  • Application able to run on their system
  • Confidentiality of our sensitive data can be affected
  • Understanding of the required change (The ‘why’ is not consistently communicated by upper management to all team members)
  • makes monitoring adherence more difficult if things aren’t done in the same standard or by the same protocols that the main organization is enforcing or following
  • They may lack the understanding of the “business” it’s goals and vision of the organization as well as local employees
  • Design and functionality are out of control
  • Increase need of quality assurance
  • Data management issues
  • System uniformity

Exam 2: Case

November 8, 2020 by Edward N Beaver Leave a Comment

As discussed several of the questions on Exam 2 relate to this real-world like small business case. You are encouraged to pre-read, print, etc. this case prior to the Exam.

Exam 2: Take November 13

November 7, 2020 by Edward N Beaver

The second exam of the semester will be conducted by Blackboard at the beginning of class next week (Monday November 13).

Some specifics:

  • Questions mainly focus on course content (on-line and from class) from Weeks 7 – 10.  Note topics listed on any ‘Overview’ or ‘Review’ slides.
  • Some questions from prior material (see Review slides from Week 7) may also be included on the exam.
  • Maximum amount of time to complete the exam is 60 minutes
  • Exam is approximately 25 questions (variety of formats i.e. Fill in blank, multiple choice
  • Some of the questions relate to a real-world like small business case (to be published Thursday). You are invited to pre-read, print, etc. prior to the exam.

Week 10: Data, SOD/SAT Review Wrap-up

November 7, 2020 by Edward N Beaver

Continuing great job on the discussions. Keep up the good work.   You raised most of the important points but let me summarize my view.

Q1: How to assure master data integration works well for all?  This is hard with ERP systems because master data is used so extensively across so many transactions, processes, etc.  Company needs to have a good plan, lots of well defined processes and controls.  It’s important that there is a broad understanding of master data and appreciation for good data.  This comes only with good training and strong management focus.

Q2: Who should play the key role in defining and assuring quality of master data?  All processes who use the data, not just the main users need a say in what the master data is (definitions, processes, etc.).  Because of the high degree of integration across business processes in ERP systems those in charge of master data need integration/ broad perspectives.   Accounting / finance is one critical voice but in my experience not the best to be in charge.  A strong financial focus can be just as bad as another groups focus (e.g. sales, supply chain, etc.)
My experience is there needs to be a defined master data coordinator (data steward is term many of you used – great term).  Great, cooperative master data coordinators and new Master Data Management (MDM) software are becoming a must for strong ERP system users.

Q3: What is riskier: inaccurate data or excessively repetitive data?  Both are bad.  You all gave some great examples.   I agree that inaccurate data causing problems is more common than repetitive, but be aware of both.

Q4: Which transaction is most ‘Sensitive’?  Many, many transactions are sensitive – no correct answer.  The rule of thumb I used is that any transaction that creates master data or creates or can lead to creation of a financial transaction is sensitive.  Note that many systems and configuration transactions are sensitive and need to be locked down in production.

A good ERP systems runs on good master data.

This coming week we will look change management and development aspects of ERP systems.

Extra Credit Assignment

November 5, 2020 by Edward N Beaver Leave a Comment

Background

Context is Global Bike Inc. (GBI) that we’ve used in all other course assignments.

You are an auditor in GBI’s internal auditing team.  As a result of your work at GBI you’ve uncovered a significant risk in one of GBI’s business processes.  You’ve made this risk known to your manager who requested that you investigate what potential changes / controls should be put in place to address the risk.

Assignment

You have the opportunity to address the audit committee of the board to discuss the risk you’ve uncovered in your work and recommended changes / controls.  Unfortunately, the agenda is packed and you only have 5 minutes to make your presentation.

Deliverables 

  1. Brief (1 slide?) Powerpoint slide(s)
  2. Brief script of what you plan to say to the audit committee

Grade

Treat like a ½ credit Assignment Exercise.  Full credit can yield extra 4 points in final grade (e.g. raise a grade of 90 to an 94)

Grading Rubric

  • Substantive content related to class content           2
  • Concise, clear message appropriate for audience   1
  • Convincing argument, message                                  1

Due   Send deliverables to professor by Tuesday December 12. Wednesday December 13.

Exam 2: Coming up November 11 – 13

November 3, 2020 by Edward N Beaver

A reminder that the second exam of the semester will be conducted by Blackboard and must be completed between Friday November 11 and Sunday November 13 (midnight).

Some specifics:

  • Questions mainly focus on course content (on-line and from class) from Weeks 7 – 10.  Note topics listed on any ‘Overview’ or ‘Review’ slides.
  • Some questions from prior material (see Review slides from Week 7) may also be included on the exam.
  • Test will be conducted via Blackboard – you must complete between Friday November 11 and Sunday November 13 (midnight).
  • Maximum amount of time to complete the exam is 40 minutes
  • Exam will be approximately 25 questions (variety of formats i.e. Fill in blank, multiple choice)
  • Some of the questions relate to a real-world like small business case.  I’ll publish case which you can pre-read, print, etc. Tuesday prior to the exam.

Exercise 4 (SOD) Due November 11

October 31, 2020 by Edward N Beaver

Reminder:  Exercise 4 – Segregation of Duties is now due (via e-mail) on Saturday November 11 at 11:59 pm.

UpdatedGuide (Updated with additional SAP screen shots November 6 @ 7:30 pm)

 

Week 9: Security: User Management, Segregation of Duties (SOD) Wrap-up

October 31, 2020 by Edward N Beaver

Continuing great job on the discussions – I enjoy your thoughtfulness and depth in answering.  I trust the questions help you explore and understand topics being discussed in a given week.
You raised most of the important points but let me summarize my view.

Q1: What is segregation of duties (SOD) and why is it a commonly used control?  – We discussed this topic in class.  Great examples of IT roles that should be segregated (e.g. development from DBA, development and security, development and move code, developers not in production system, development from audits).  We’ll discuss controls related to development more thoroughly in future classes.

Q2: Security in an ERP system (e.g. SAP) is complex. What is the most fuzzy, difficult to understand component?  You nailed the core issue – ERP systems are large and complex.  Therefore the security is also large and complex – especially when there are complex requirements (many people needing broad access).

Q3: What are Key competencies of person responsible for security?  I like the terms you chose.  Specifically: Skepticism and curiosity
Functional Knowledge – critical to effectively make decisions
Decision making – to which I would add good judgement.
Data analytic – I call this basic smarts.  Security is highly complex and requires strong cognitive skills.

Q4: Companies are dynamic entities. Best practices for managing system users and their security access?   You provide many great ideas including:  Password policies and procedures, documenting change (more on this in a couple weeks), periodic user access reviews, least privilege access, proper management approvals, etc.  Bottom line is that security although sometimes viewed as a backroom IT task requires strong processes to be done well.

 

Exercise 3: Possible ‘Missing CO Object’ Error

October 28, 2020 by Edward N Beaver Leave a Comment

When performing Task 4 (Enter Journal Entry Transactions into the General Ledger) and the use of transaction FB50 you many find that one or more General Ledger accounts require the entry of a Cost Center (CO) value. You get and error such as ‘Account xxxxxxx requires the assignment of a CO object’.

This is an additional financial control.

This short guide shows how to address this issue.

Real World Control Failure: Post your Presentation

October 24, 2020 by Edward N Beaver Leave a Comment

Your options for posting your Real World Control Failure presentations are:

  • Post as a comment to this post. This requires you to embed a URL to where your presentation is stored (e.g. on OneDrive or Google Drive).
  • Post as a new blog post. You can upload your presentation as media when creating the blog post. Make sure to select the ‘Real World Control Failure Presentations’ category.
  • Edit this post or send me your presentation and I’ll include in the list below.

 

Date Student Subject / Link
October 16 Candace Nelson Salvation Army
October 23 Lezlie Jiles USIS Separateblog post
October 30 Andres Galarza Ukrainian Artillery App
October 30 Parneet Toor UBS Rogue Trading Scandal
November 6 Khawlah AlSwaillem Marrone Bio Innovations
November 12 Kevin Berg Leone Industries
November 13 Xiaomin Dong PTC Inc. China
November 13 Yijiang Li Yahoo
November 27 Qiyu Chen Google Mail Hack
November 30 Mengting Li Target
December 1 Binju Gaire Advanced Emissions Solutions
December 4 Jing Jiang J Satyam Computer Services
Michelangelo Collura Lehman Brothers
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Weekly Discussions

  • Assignments (11)
  • Exams (7)
  • General (5)
  • Real World Control Failure Presentations (3)
  • Week 01: Introduction (2)
  • Week 02: Business Process; Assertions (4)
  • Week 03: Fraud, P2P Controls (2)
  • Week 04: OTC Process, Types of Controls (3)
  • Week 05: Inventory & Shipping Controls (3)
  • Week 06: Invoicing & Collection Controls (1)
  • Week 07: General IT vs. SAP Controls, Security 1 (2)
  • Week 08: Security 2, Finance 2 (3)
  • Week 09: Security: User Mgmt, Segregation of Duties (2)
  • Week 10: Data; SOD/SAT Review (2)
  • Week 11: Change Management, Development (3)
  • Week 12: Table Security, Control Framework (2)
  • Week 13: SAP Futures, Special System Access (2)
  • Week 14: Character vs. Controls (4)

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