Professor Paul Pavlou in a forthcoming study challenges the prevalent assumption that trust and risk are always influential on transaction decisions, and that there is always a need to build trust and reduce risk irrespective of context. The study specifies the boundaries of trust and risk on transaction activity in the context of the two largest online marketplaces, Amazon and eBay.
The study shows that the effects of trust and risk are actually only important in a rather narrow window where the institutional structures are moderately effective, while the effects of trust and risk are insignificant for both very effective or very ineffective institutional structures. This quadratic (“Inverted-U”) pattern suggests that the literature may have over-emphasized the role of trust and risk and ignored the role of the marketplace’s institutional context.
From a practical sense, by ignoring the trade-off in the design of institutional structures to optimize the effects of trust and risk, the results suggest that online marketplaces may have over-invested in institutional structures to build trust and reduce risk.
By specifying the boundaries of trust and risk, this study aims at sensitizing managers about the trade-offs in the design of institutional structures in online marketplaces.
The article (co-authored with David Gefen) titled “The Boundaries of Trust and Risk: The Quadratic Moderating Role of Institutional Structures” has been accepted for publication in Information Systems Research (ISR).






Professor
Interactive digital marketing spending in the U.S. is growing exponentially. Areas such as retail, financials, B2B, travel, high-tech, automotive, health, consumer goods, media and entertainment, and telecommunications are responding by creating new multidisciplinary occupations that did not exist before. Leading-edge employers demand that students understand the integration of marketing activities with digital technology and analytics.
The Digital Marketing minor is appropriate for all BBA students in the Fox School of Business and is particularly relevant for Marketing, Human Resource Management, Business Management, and MIS students.
The application of digital technologies is integrated into many existing courses throughout the curriculum. The minor provides a programmed opportunity to explore, in more detail, strategic, tactical, and information management considerations through a program of study that is designed to supplement and extend technology applications in existing courses. The Digital Marketing minor structure provides the breadth and depth of study necessary to compete for jobs that require a greater level of exposure to digital applications.
The minor consists of five courses and an optional supervised corporate internship experience. There are a total of three required courses in MIS and two required courses in Marketing. The required courses for the Digital Marketing minor are:
Required Courses for MIS Majors completing this minor